Home
Software
Vim
Open file and go to a particular line:
$ gvim +⟨line number⟩ ⟨file⟩
To open file in a new tab:
$ gvim --remote-tab-silent ⟨file⟩
e
jump forwards to the end of a word
E jump forwards to the end of a word including punctuation
b jump backwards to the end of a word
B jump backwards to the end of a word including punctuation
$ jump to the end of the line
0 jump to the start of the line
gg go to the first line of the document
G go to the last line of the document
'. jump back to the last modified line
`. jump to exact position in last modified line
Ctrl-o jump cursor backwards
Ctrl-i jump cursor forwards
v start visual mode
V start line-wise visual mode
Ctrl-v start visual block mode
aw mark a word
ib mark a block inside ()
ab mark a block with ()
iB mark a block inside {}
aB mark a block with {}
D or d$ delete from cursor to end of line
c$ delete from cursor to end of line and start insert mode
d0 delete to start of line
dB or dT⟨Space⟩ delete backward to the first space
dt delete forward to the first space (if there is no space then it will be not applied)
cw or cW delete forward not including following white space and start insert mode
dw or dW delete forward including following white space)
cc or S delete line and start insert mode
s delete character and start insert mode
dgg delete from the current line to the top line of the document
dG delete from the current line to the end of file
J join two lines (line below to the current one)
Setting textwidth (tw) will auto line break during typing:
set tw=80
To break a long line into multiple lines
gqgq in normal mode or
gq in visual mode
~ swap upper/lower case
U change selected text to upper case
u change selected to lower case
:s/\<[a-z]/\u&/g capitalize words in the current line
xp swap the current character with next one
Xp swap the current character with previous one
ddp swap the current line with next one
ddkP swap the current line with previous one
> shift text right
< shift text left
:filetype indent off/on disable/enable file type based indentation for all file types
r replace the character under the cursor
:%s/old/new/gc replace all occurrences of the "old" text with the "new" one asking for confirmation
To replace some text in visually selected part:
:s/old/new/g
:1,10s/old/new/c substitute in the lines 1-10 conforming each substitution.
Examples of Search and Replace in Vim
Vi and Vim Editor: 12 Powerful Find and Replace Examples - thegeekstuff.com
Jump to a line number
:any_desired_number
dG delete everything from the current line to the end of file
dgg delete everything from the current line to the top of the file
Remove all lines that started with a dollar sign: $
:g/^\$/d
Sort, removing duplicate lines
:%sort u
Sort only specific lines using ranges, for instance, from 5 to 10 (inclusive)
:5,10sort
Remove blank lines in selection
:'<,'>s/^\n//g
u undo
Ctrl-r redo
. repeat last command
:tabe open a new tab with an empty window, after the current tab
:tabnew same as :tabe
:tabclose
:tabs list all tabs
:tabm move current tab to last
:tabm 0 move current tab to first
:tab ba rearrange the screen to open one window for each buffer in the buffer list
:set cursorline highlight the current line in every window
:set hlsearch activate highlighting
:nohl de-activate
:set hlsearch! toggle search
:set spell activate spell check
:set spelllang=en set up English language
:set nospell deactivate spell check
z= see suggestions
zg add word to dictionary
]s jump to the next spelling mistake
[s jump to the previous spelling mistake
Ctrl-X Ctrl-F show pop-up listing of files in the current directory (insert mode)
To enter special characters it is needed to set the digraph option
:set dg
and to enter £ type
P Ctrl-H d
Entering special characters | Vim Tips Wiki
If window is split certically, to move cursor to the window below current one: Ctrl-w,↓ or Ctrl-w,j
To make Vim settings permanent on start-up it is need to create/modify $HOME/.vimrc
By default cursor stops to move at the end or at the beginning of the line. To go automatically to the next/previous line, add:
set whichwrap+=<,>,[,]
To be able to delete the line end by using the backspace and delete keys:
set backspace=indent,eol,start
Copy:
vnoremap <C-Insert> "+y
Cut:
vnoremap <S-Del> "+x
Paste:
map <S-Insert> "+gP
imap <S-Insert> <SPACE><ESC><S-Insert>i<Del>
To wrap long lines, but not split words in the middle (wrap only at characters defined in breakat)
:set nolist wrap linebreak breakat
set tabstop=2
set shiftwidth=2
set iskeyword+=:,.,-,/,$
double click selects the current word. By default, a 'word' excludes special characters. Sometimes, it could be useful to specify which characters are included in a word.
inoremap <F2> <Esc>:update<CR>a
save file and return to insert mode.
nnoremap <F12>c :exe ':silent !librewolf %'<CR>
load active windows in chromium
:verbose map <C-k>
check if key Ctrl-k is mapped or not
For more guidance on mapping, see, for instance, vim questions on stackoverflow.com
amenu <silent>Tools.Preview\ &HTML :exe ':silent !librewolf %'<CR>
Add the Find button left from Find/Replace button:
amenu icon=/path/to/icon/icons/find.png 1.95 ToolBar.BuiltIn10 :promptfind<CR>
set list listchars=tab:»\ ,trail:·,nbsp:¬,eol:¶
» U+00BB right-pointing double angle quotation mark
· U+00B7 middle dot
¬ U+00A0 non-breaking space
¶ U+00B6 pilcrow sign
To change the default color of these characters, add into .vimrc
after colorscheme (if you use non-default color scheme):
highlight NonText guifg=#4a4a59
highlight SpecialKey guifg=#4a4a59
If the font does not have some of the characters, try an other one. To set guifont:
set guifont=DejaVu\ Sans\ Mono\ 10
"DejaVu_Sans_Mono:h9 in MS Windows
"Some alternatives: Fira Code, Inconsolata, Consolas
To add a 4-hexchar Unicode sequence: Ctrl-v u u xxxx,
where xxxx is the Unicode 4-digit number [Stack Exchange]
To add an 8-hexchar Unicode sequence: Ctrl-v u U xxxxx Space
gucharmap helps to find the characters
The information about Unicode characters can be found at Wikipedia or FileFormat.Info
To set the initial size of gvim window
if has("gui_running")
set lines=26 columns=117
endif
Maximize or set initial window size - Vim Tips Wiki
To enable 256 colors:
set t_Co=256
UltiSnips: snippet solution for python enabled Vim
Distinguished: dark vim color scheme
session.vim: Extended session management for Vim